The aim of this populationbased study was to investigate the usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version gds15 to assess depressive symptoms among very old people. Geriatric depression scale short form geriatric assessment tool kit. It was designed specifically for the aged, as a screening instrument for depression. There is a long form 30 item questionnaire and short form 15item questionnaire for the gds.
From the hartford institute for geriatric nursing, new york university rory meyers. Geriatric depression scale an overview sciencedirect. Geriatric depression scale for original article community. The 30item geriatric depression scale gds30 and the gds15, gds5 and gds4, which are 15item, 5item and 4item subsets of the gds30, are commonly recommended as depression screening tools. Short form is a 15question screening tool for depression. Do you think that most people are better off than you are.
Therefore, it taps the affective and behavioral symptoms of. Usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version among. The 15 item geriatric depression scale had perfect. Depression is underrecognized in older adults, especially those with chronic conditions such as heart disease and arthritis. This tip sheet provides guidance on administering the geriatric depression scale gds 15 point version, a depression assessment tool specifically designed for older people. The geriatric depression scale gds 15 point version is a depression assessment tool specifically designed for older people. This short form of the gds was developed in 1986 by sheikh and yesavage. The geriatric depression scale gds was designed specifically to screen for depression in geriatric populations. There are four trigger questions that often alert a practitioner to complete the 15item gds. Jerome a yesavage geriatric depression scale psychopharmacology bulletin 1988 24.
It has been designed for the assessment of depressive symptomatology in elderly people and excludes any questions relating to the physical symptoms of depression common in old age. The shortened form is comprised of 15 items chosen from the geriatric depression scalelong form gdsl. Geriatric depression scale short form patients name. Screening performance of the geriatric depression scale. This questionnaire was defined by yesavage and brink in 1982. The scale originally contained 100 items, but was condensed to 30 is a selfadministered test, but can be used in observeradministered formats also the 30 items. The geriatric depression scale gds is an evaluation tool to diagnose older adults depression. A spanish version of the geriatric depression scale in.
Choose the best answer for how you felt over the past week. It can be used within a wide range of settings and can be used with those that have a medical. Circle the answer that best describes how you felt over the past week. Gds15 contains the most important items from the full gds and therefore should not be used as the starting point. The aim of this populationbased study was to investigate the usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version gds15 to assess depressive symptoms among very. Pdf accuracy of the 15item geriatric depression scale gds15. The gds short form 15 questions has been derived from the 30 question version. Geriatric depression scale gds the gds is used as a screening tool for identifying depression in older adults. The geriatric depression scale15 gds15 is a short, 15item instrument specifically designed to assess depression in geriatric populations.
The geriatric depression scale gds is a screening test originally developed by j. Does the 15item geriatric depression scale function. Pdf usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version. To compare three published short gds scales and to identify a valid and reliable short. Tip sheet 6 the geriatric depression scale gds15 what is the gds. The geriatric depression scale was developed by yesavage, brink, rose, lum, huang, adey, and leirer 1982. Questions from the long form gds which had the highest correlation with depressive symptoms in validation studies were selected for the short version.
Accuracy of the 15item geriatric depression scale gds15 in a. Left untreated, depression may progress and have dramatic effects on overall health. Greenberg, phd, rn, gnpbc, hartford institute for geriatric nursing, new york university rory meyers college of nursing why. The geriatric depression scale gds is a simple, 30item, yesno questionnaire that can be helpful in identifying possible depression among elderly people. Currently, two versions of the gds15 have been used with older chinese immigrants living in western countries, including the standard gds15 and the muis 1996 gds15.
Scores of 04 are considered normal, depending on age, education, and complaints. The gds15 is a 15item short form of the original 30item geriatric depression scale. It is a selfreport assessment used to identify depression in the elderly. The original geriatric depression scale gds was a 30item questionnaire timeconsuming and challenging for some patients and staff. Using an annual over75 health check to screen for depression. Aged care assessment geriatric depression scale gds. The criterion validity of the geriatric depression scale. Answers indicating depression are in bold and italicized. There are five different items between these two versions i. The 4 item geriatric depression scale is suitable as a screening test for depressive symptoms in the elderly.
Depression develops in 4060% of patient with mi 24 fold increase in mortality rate following mi jama psychiatry, 2009 depression after stroke 3. Validated screening tools for use with the oldestold in. Block, md, is an awardwinning, boardcertified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in pennsylvania. Of the 15 items, 10 indicated the presence of depression when answered. The 15item version of the geriatric depression scale gds15 4 is a timeconstrained intervieweradministered scale with good psychometric properties and wide acceptance in the. Geriatric depression scale short form 1 tools may be copied without permission instructions. Of the 15 items, 10 indicated the presence of depression when answered positively, while. The geriatric depression scale gds 15 as developed by yesavage 1983 yesavage et al. Introduction the 30item geriatric depression scale gds30 and the shorter gds15, gds5 and gds4 are recommended as depression screening tools for elderly individuals. Circle the answer that best describes how you felt over the past. Usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item. Yesavage and sheikh, 1986 is a widely employed screening test that offers an added value in the primary care detection of latelife. Clinical memory assessment of older adults, am erican psychological association, 1986 2 tools may be copied without permission.
Later versions retain only the most discriminating questions. Gds15 geriatric depression scale 15item short form. The geriatric depression scale gds, although developed for older adults, has also been validated in younger adults. Diagnostic accuracy of the geriatric depression scale30. Accuracy of the 15item geriatric depression scale gds15. A psychometric properties evaluation of the italian. It has been designed for the assessment of depressive symptomatology in. The 15item version of the geriatric depression scale gds15 is widely employed to assess depression in old people, but it is unclear if there are biases in the total score depending on. The aim of this populationbased study was to investigate the usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version.
Validity and reliability of geriatric depression scale15 short form in. Australian chinese version of the geriatric depression. Latelife depression lld is common, but remains underdiagnosed. To evaluate the use of the geriatric depression scale gds and the gds. The purpose of this study was to establish the sensitivity of a spanish translation of the 15item geriatric depression scale gdss in a sample of 41 elderly mexican. Geriatric depression scale for communitydwelling older adults in nepal r gautam phd, sc houde phd, anpbc abstract purpose. Factor structure and measurement invariance of the geriatric depression scale15. Of the 15 items, 10 indicated the presence of depression when answered positively, while the rest question numbers 1, 5, 7, 11, indicated depression when answered negatively. It can be used within a wide range of settings, and can be used with those that have a medical illness or those with mild to moderate cognitive impairment.
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